Halaman ini akan menayangkan deskripsi gulmapenyakit pada berbagai jenis tanaman yang tercakup dalam Program Payung Penelitian Minat Perlindungan Tanaman Jurusan/PS Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Undana.
Format deskripsi musuh alami dapat diunduh dari SINI. Mohon dibagikan penyusunan deskripsi musuh alami kepada dosen pengasuh Mikologi, Bakteriologi, dan Virologi sesuai dengan kategori musuh alami. Tautan (link) yang disediakan untuk setiap jenis musuh alami merupakan bahan rujukan minimal. Dosen penyusun deskripsi berkewajiban mencari pustaka pengayaan yang perlu ditambahkan.
PADI SAWAH
Penggerek Padi
Parasitoid telur:
- Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferriere (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): IRRI,
- Telenomus rowani (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae): IRRI,
- Telenomus dignus (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae): NHM-UK,
- Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae): NBAII,
Predator telur:
- meadow grasshoppers – Conocephalus longipennis (de Haan) (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae): IRRI,
- crickets, Metioche vittataicollis (Stal) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae):
Parasitoid larva dan pupa:
- Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): NBAII,
- Temelucha philippinensis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): IRRI,
- Stenobracon nicevillei (Bingham) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): NBAII,
- Bracon chinensis Szepligeti (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
- Tropobracon schoenobii (Viereck) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
- Xanthopimpla stemmator (Thunberg) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): NBAII, WaspWeb,
- Tetrastichus howardi (Olliff) (=Tetrastichus ayyari Rohwer, Tetrastichus israeli (Mani & Kurian), T. israelensis (Mani & Kurian)) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae): NBAII,
Predator larva:
- Lady beetles, Micraspis spp. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
- Carabid beetles, Ophionea spp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
- Rove beetle, Paederus fuscipes Curtis (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): NBAII,
- Water bug, Microvelia douglasi atrolineata Bergroth (Hemiptera: Veliidae): IRRI,
- Water bug, Mesovelia vittigera (Horvath) (Hemiptera: Mesoveliidae): IRRI,
- Water bug, Limnogonus fossarum (F.) (Hemiptera: Gerridae): IRRI,
- Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Predator penting lainnya:
- Anthocorid bug – Euspudaeus sp., (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)
- Wolf spider – Lycosa pseudoannulata (Boesenberg and Strand) (Araneae: Lycosidae): OzAnimals,
- Black drongo – Dicrurus adsimilis (Bechstein)(Dicruridae): Wikipedia,
Jamur patogenik:
- Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Moniliales: Moniliaceae): BCRC, Blueswami, HiddenForest, MBC, MycoBank, UoGuelph,
- Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson (Moniliales: Moniliaceae): IRRI, MycoBank,
- Cordyceps sp. (Entomophthoraceae): Wikipedia, MycoBank (klik tautan),
- Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bacteria): Cornell, CSU, NCBI, UCSD, Wikipedia,
- An unidentified nuclear polyhedrosis virus
Ulat Penggulung Daun
Parasitoid telur:
- Copidosomopsis nacoleiae (Eady) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): IRRI,
- Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae): NBAII, PAN Germany,
Predator telur:
- Cricket – Anaxipha longipennis (Serville) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae): IRRI,
- Cricket – Metioche vittaticollis (Stal) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae): IRRI,
- Mirid bug – Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae): IRRI,
- Lady bird beetle – Micraspis crocera Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): IRRI,
Parasitoid larva dan pupa:
- Goniozus nr. trangulifar Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Bathylidae): IRRI,
- Cotesia angustibasis (Gahan) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): IRRI,
- Cardiochiles philippinensis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): IRRI,
- Macrocentrus philippinensis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): IRRI,
- Trichomma cnaphalocrosis Uchida (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): IRRI,
- Temelucha philippinensis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): IRRI,
- Xanthopimpla flavolineata Cameron (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae): IRRI,
Mikroba patogenik:
- Entomopahogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner: UCSD-Bt, The University of Edinburg Microbial World, Microbe Wiki, McGill University Ecological Agriculture Project, University of Lethbridge (microphotographs), Mycrobiology Atlas, Visual Photos (SEM),
- granulosis virus: lookfordiagnosis,
Wereng
- Oligosita yasumatsui Viggiani et Subba Rao (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae):
- Anagrus spp. (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae): UCR-ABCR A. epos, WSU-TFREC,
- Gonatocerus spp. (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae): IRRI, Orders of Critical Believers, University of Florida IFAS, CDFA, Invasive.org, UCR-ABCR G. tuberculiferum, UCR-ABCR G. deleoni,
Predator telur dan nimfa:
- green mired bug Cyrtorhinus lividipennis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae): IRRI, Pelita Kabad,
Parasitoid nimfa dan imago:
- Pseudogonatopus spp., (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae): IRRI,
- Haplogonatopus apicalis Perkins (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae): IRRI,
- Echthorodelphax fairchildi Perkins (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae)
- Elenchus yasumatsui Kefune and Hirashima (Hymenoptera: Strepsiptera): IRRI, CTPM University of Queensland,
- Tomosvaryella spp. (Hymenoptera: Pipunculidae): IRRI T. oryzaetora, Tree of Life Web Tomosvaryella, Tree of Life Web Pipunculidae,
- Pipunculus spp. (Hymenoptera: Pipunculidae ): IRRI, Tree of Life Web Pipunculus, Tree of Life Web Pipunculidae,
Predator nimfa dan imago:
- Wolf spider – Lycosa pseudoannulata (Boesenberg and Strand) (Araneae: Lycosidae): Spiders of Australia, OzAnimals, termasuk dalam kelompok laba-laba pemburu (hunting spiders): OzAnimals, Wolf Spiders of Australia, Arachne,
- Water bug – Microvelia douglasi atrolineata Bergroth (Hemiptera: Veliidae): IRRI,
- Lynx spider – Oxyopes spp. (Araneae: Oxyopidae): Spider of Australia, Spiderling, OzAnimals, termasuk dalam kelompok laba-laba penyergap dan pemancing (ambusher and angler spiders): OzAnimals, Arachne,
- Long-jawed spider – Tetragnatha spp., (Araneae: Tetragnathidae): Spiders of Australia, OzAnimals, termasuk dalam kelompok laba-laba ahli pembuat jaring (master weaver spiders): OzAnimals, Arachne,
- Rove beetle – Paederus fuscipes Curtis (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae): University of Florida IFAS Extension, NBAII, hati-hati, dapat menyebabkan iritasi kulit: FormosaHut,
- Ground beetle – Ophionea nigrofasciata (Schmidt-Goebel) (Coleoptera: Carabidae): IRRI, PAN Germany, University of Kentucky Entomology1, University of Kentucky Entomology2, Texas A&M University Entomology,
Jamur patogenik:
- Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin (Moniliales: Moniliaceae): MycoBank (klik tautan), Green Muscle, Topics in Sustainable Ecological Agriculture, BCRC, PNAS, AFFRC growth on plate, AFFRC micrographs, Mushroom Observer, Mycologia, JIS1, JIS2,
- Metarhizium flavoviride Gams and Roszypal (Moniliales: Moniliaceae): MycoBank (klik tautan), IITA, CIRAD, Deakon’s Fungal Biology, Mycologia, AFFRC, IITA Image Library, IITA Publications,
- Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Moniliales: Moniliaceae): Blueswami, HiddenForest, MBC, MycoBank, UoGuelph, JIS1, , JIS2,
- Hirsutella citriformis Speare (Moniliales: Stilbaceae): MycoBank,
- Erynia delphacis (Hori.) (Entomophthoraceae): MycoBank,
- Entomophthora coronata (Constantin) Kevorkian (Entomophthoraceae): MycoBank,
Nematoda patogenik:
- Hexamermis sp. (Mermithidae)
- Agamermis unka Kaburaki & Imamura
Referensi:
Johnson, N.F. 2012. Platygastroidea. Accessed from: http://osuc.biosci.ohio-state.edu/hymDB/eol_scelionidae.home
Nieuwenhuys, E. 2012. Spiders of Australia. Accessed from: http://ednieuw.home.xs4all.nl/australian/Spidaus.html
Dragiša Savić ? Nature Photography. Accessed from: http://www.naturefg.com/index.html
Hlasek, J. ? Photo Gallery wildlife pictures. Accessed from: http://www.hlasek.com/index.html
Software:
DrawWing for Insect identification: program gratis untuk mengidentifikasi serangga dengan menggunakan hasil pindaian (scan) sayap.
